Each
organism must breath. The breathing is a process to take out air to and from
the body. This air that is taken in contains oxygen while the air that is taken
out contains carbon diaoxide and water vapor. The body to do the respiration
process, namely a process of braking food substances to produce energy, uses
the oxygen, which is taken in. Organisms to do all their life’s activities use
this energy. Other than producing energy, respiration produces also carbon
dioxide and water vapor that will be taken out from the body through the
breathing process.
The
respiratory organs in human are composed of respiratory tracks, strated from
nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, brounchus, and bronchiole and ended in millions
of small air sacs that from lungs. The lungs are protected by ribs that
surround them.
The process
of breathing is started from the nose.
When entering the nose, the air will be cleaned and warmed by nose hairs. The
nose hairs act also as sieve. These nose hairs filter the dust particles and
dirt that come along with the respiration air. Breathing can be done through
mouth also, but the air is not filtered in the mouth.
From the
nouse or mouth, the air flows toward the lungs through pharynx, larynx, and trachea. The pharynx is air tract along
with the foods. At the end of the pharynx,
epiglottis valve is to be found with a function to open and close the tract to
the trachea. With this epiglottis, the foods will not enter the air tract. The
larynx is base point of trachea wherein voice box/vocal cord can be found. The
air that has passed this larynx is forwarded to trachea. Rings of cartilage
that prevent trachea to bend inward strengthen the trachea. From the trachea,
the air will enter the lungs trhough bronchus.
In the lungs, the bronchi are branched again to form bronchioles.
The human
have two lungs, namely left and
right lungs. The right lungs are consisted of three lobules while left lungs
have two. Each lung is composed of millions of alveolus namely small air bag. A group of alveoli can be found at
the end of each bronchiole. The alveolus have thin wall and ots outer part is
surrounded by blood capillary. This thin wall facilitates carbon dioxide gas
exchange from the capillaries with oxygen gas from alveolus. The alveolus
expands the lung’s surface. A membrane called pleura, with a function to protect lungs, covers the lungs.
The carbon
dioxde of the blood from the capillaries diffuses to the alveolus,
simultaneously, the oxygen diffuses from into the capillaries. This oxygen and
carbon dioxide transfer is called gas
exchange. The oxygen moves in to the blood stream and carbon dioxide moves
out of the blood stream. Thats all about Respiratory System Organs, dont miss to read another matters in Biology.